Soda Fountains Today and Yesterday
First off, what is a soda fountain? The simplest answer is that a soda fountain was originally an apparatus that dispensed carbonated water (known as “soda water” in the United States), but over time the term expanded to also mean the area inside a business, often a counter, where a person could order a fountain drink.
The original soda fountain machine was invented in Europe in the 1760s by a scientist named Joseph Priestly who dripped sulfuric acid onto chalk suspended above a vat of water. This, he discovered, infused the water with carbon dioxide. Five years later he published a paper describing his process, and the ground was laid for the modern soda industry.
These first soda fountain machines, however, were not manufactured and marketed with much success in Europe. Then, in the early 1810s, an U.S. chemistry professor from Yale named Benjamin Silliman saw the potential of carbonated water and kick-started the business of soda machine manufacture and the sale of drinks across New York City and Baltimore, Maryland.
While the bottled soda water was picking up steam as a product, it appeared that there was still something missing: flavor. Exactly who first started adding flavorings to soda water is unknown. What is known is that in the early 19th century some enterprising individual had the idea of combining wine and soda water, effectively creating the first spritzer and the first flavored soda at the same time.
By the end of the Civil War, advertisements were appearing in big-city newspapers for flavored, non-alcoholic seltzers, and 20 years after that the cola nut and cocaine (yes cocaine) were first combined to create the now-iconic taste of Coke. In the early 20th century cocaine was replaced by caffeine, but the name “Coke” endured.
At the end of the 19th-century, soft drink brands were springing up like wildfire, including Dr Pepper, Pepsi, Vernor's Ginger Ale, Hires Root Beer and more. Most of these now-staple brands were created by pharmacists at their in-store soda fountains. But while the ‘Soda Jerks’ who first served them went the way of the dinosaurs long ago, the brands took on a life of their own.
The classic American soda fountain was defined as much by its atmosphere as by what it served. Light, cool, and airy places furnished with marble-topped counters and tables, shining mirrors, and sparkling glass and chrome serving dishes, soda fountains began springing up in the early nineteenth century and kept essentially the same formula until the 1950s, when drive-ins and car culture led to their decline.
